Learn HTML and CSS: Class and id

Class and id

"Just the prices in green," says Gino, "not the names of the services." But they're all `<span>`s. How do you pick only a few?

A class

In the HTML the prices have a class: <span class="price">. It's a label you choose yourself.

In CSS you find everything with that label using a dot in front: .price. A class can go on as many elements as you like, even on elements of a different kind.

Watch out: capitals matter. .Price finds nothing.

index.html

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

style.css

1.price {2  color: #2a9d8f;3  font-weight: bold;4}

kapsalon.example

An id

An id is a name for one single element. On this page the heading has id="name" and the booking block id="booking".

In CSS you write an id with a hash: #name. An id appears only once on a page.

So: a class for things that appear more often, an id for something there's only one of.

index.html

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

style.css

1#name {2  color: crimson;3}4#booking {5  text-align: center;6}

kapsalon.example

Try it yourself

Make all the prices bold and petrol green (#2a9d8f), without changing the services. And give the name at the top, with id name, the colour crimson.

1/* Your CSS goes here. */

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

kapsalon.example

Ready for more?

The full lesson has 5 exercises, from easy to challenging, with hints, points and a streak you can build.

Start the lesson

A class

In the HTML the prices have a class: <span class="price">. It's a label you choose yourself.

In CSS you find everything with that label using a dot in front: .price. A class can go on as many elements as you like, even on elements of a different kind.

Watch out: capitals matter. .Price finds nothing.

index.html

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

style.css

1.price {2  color: #2a9d8f;3  font-weight: bold;4}

kapsalon.example

An id

An id is a name for one single element. On this page the heading has id="name" and the booking block id="booking".

In CSS you write an id with a hash: #name. An id appears only once on a page.

So: a class for things that appear more often, an id for something there's only one of.

index.html

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

style.css

1#name {2  color: crimson;3}4#booking {5  text-align: center;6}

kapsalon.example

Try it yourself

Make all the prices bold and petrol green (#2a9d8f), without changing the services. And give the name at the top, with id name, the colour crimson.

1/* Your CSS goes here. */

1<!DOCTYPE html>2<html lang="en">3  <head>4    <title>Snip &amp; Curl hair salon</title>5    <link rel="stylesheet" href="basis.css">6    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">7  </head>8  <body>9    <header>10      <h1 id="name">Snip &amp; Curl</h1>11      <p class="slogan">Hair salon in the heart of Leeds</p>12    </header>13    <main>14      <h2>Our prices</h2>15      <ul class="price-list">16        <li><span class="service">Haircut</span> <span class="price">£28</span></li>17        <li><span class="service">Wash and blow-dry</span> <span class="price">£22</span></li>18        <li><span class="service">Colouring</span> <span class="price">£55</span></li>19      </ul>20      <section id="booking">21        <h2>Book an appointment</h2>22        <p class="info">Give us a call or just pop in.</p>23        <a class="button" href="tel:+441134960000">Call us</a>24      </section>25    </main>26    <footer>27      <p>8 Kirkgate, Leeds</p>28    </footer>29  </body>30</html>

kapsalon.example